Written by

Jennifer Carlson

July 14, 2025

Edited by

Tamatha Hazen

Fact-checked by

Kristen Cramer

How to start a photography business

Starting a photography business is an exciting way to turn your creative passion into a rewarding career. While your photography skills are essential, building a successful business also requires planning, organization, and smart marketing. This guide will walk you through every step, from setting up your business to attracting your first clients.

Step 1: Choose your niche and services

Begin by identifying the type of photography you want to specialize in. Consider your strengths and interests. Do you love shooting portraits, events, commercial products, or something else? Specializing helps you stand out and attract clients looking for your specific expertise. You can always expand your offerings later as your business grows.

Some popular photography specializations include:

• Portrait photography: Photographing people, either solo or in groups, in studios or at chosen locations

• Event photography: Covering special occasions such as weddings, parties, and corporate gatherings

• Travel photography: Capturing images for travel publications, blogs, or websites

• Commercial photography: Producing images for business needs, including product shots and advertising campaigns

• Photojournalism: Recording newsworthy events and real-life narratives through images

• Fashion photography: Showcasing clothing, accessories, and models for magazines, advertisements, or editorial content

• Pet photography: Capturing images of dogs, cats, and other furry or feathery friends

• Freelance photography: Taking on flexible, project-based assignments rather than holding a permanent staff position

Photography services

Once you’ve chosen your niche, decide which services you’ll provide. Will you offer digital galleries, prints, albums, or photo editing? Clearly outlining your services will help you set expectations with clients and streamline your workflow.

Step 2: Create a business plan

A business plan is your roadmap to success. Outline your goals, target market, pricing strategy, and marketing plan. Estimate your startup costs, including equipment, website, insurance, and marketing expenses. Set short-term and long-term objectives, such as the number of clients you want to book each month or your annual revenue target.

Funding

A well-thought-out business plan helps you make informed decisions as your business develops, and it's also useful when seeking funding or partnerships. Besides bank loans or crowdfunding, you can find grants and fellowships from organizations like these:

• The Alexia Foundation offers various grants for photography, including student and professional grants.

• Getty Images provides grants for editorial photography and creative projects.

• The Lucie Foundation offers scholarships and grants for emerging photographers.

Step 3: Register your business

Choose a business name that reflects your brand and is easy to remember. Many photographers use their first and last name with "Photography" at the end. Check for name availability in your state and online, then register your business with the appropriate local or state authorities.

Decide on a legal structure—sole proprietorship, LLC, or corporation—based on your needs and consult with an accountant if necessary. Obtain any required business licenses or permits and consider liability or business insurance to protect yourself from financial hardship in the case of an emergency, theft, damage, or conflict.

Business accounts

Setting up a separate business bank account will make it easier to manage your finances and keep personal and business expenses apart. Using a separate, dedicated email will also help you stay organized.

Step 4: Set up pricing and packages

Research what other photographers in your area charge for similar services. Factor in your costs, time, and experience level when setting your prices. Create clear packages that outline what’s included, such as the number of edited images, shoot duration, and delivery timelines.

Be transparent with your pricing on your website and in client communications. This builds trust and helps clients understand the value you provide.

Step 5: Build a portfolio and website

Your portfolio is your most powerful marketing tool. Choose your best work that reflects your style and the services you offer. If you’re just starting out, offer discounted or free sessions to friends, family, or local businesses to build your portfolio.

Create a professional website that showcases your portfolio, explains your services, and provides an easy way for clients to contact you. Include testimonials, an about page, and clear calls to action. A well-designed website helps you reach a wider audience and makes a strong first impression.

Step 6: Invest in equipment

Start with a reliable camera, versatile lenses, and basic lighting equipment suited to your niche. As your business grows, you can add more specialized gear. Invest in editing software like Adobe Lightroom or Photoshop to deliver polished images.

Some ideas for equipment include:

• Camera body: A reliable DSLR or mirrorless camera suited to your style and budget

• Lenses: At least one versatile lens (such as a 24-70mm zoom or a 35mm or 50mm prime) and specialty lenses as needed for your niche

• Tripod: For stability during long exposures, group shots, or low-light conditions

• External flash or lighting: On-camera or off-camera flash, plus basic lighting equipment or reflectors for controlled lighting situations

• Memory cards: Multiple high-capacity, fast memory cards to store your images securely

• Card reader: For quick and safe image transfer from your camera to your computer

• Computer or laptop: For photo editing, storage, and business management

• Camera bag: A sturdy, padded bag to safely transport your gear

• Spare batteries and chargers: To ensure you never run out of power during a shoot

• Lens cleaning kit: For maintaining your lenses and keeping images sharp

• Backdrops (for studio work): Simple, neutral backdrops or portable options for portraits and product photography

• Reflector: To manage and bounce light, especially for portraits

• Basic business supplies: Printer, contracts, and accounting software for managing your business operations

Step 7: Market your business and find clients

Promote your photography business both online and offline. Use social media platforms to share your work and connect with potential clients. Network at local events, join professional associations, and partner with other businesses to expand your reach.

Offer introductory discounts or referral incentives to attract your first clients. As you build your reputation, word-of-mouth recommendations will become a powerful source of new business.

Step 8: Establish client workflows and contracts

Designing a smooth client workflow is essential for both professionalism and efficiency. Start by mapping out each step a client takes, from initial inquiry to final image delivery. Use tools like checklists or project management software to track client details, session dates, and communication, ensuring nothing falls through the cracks.

Automating routine tasks, such as sending welcome emails, contracts, and invoices, can save you time and create a consistent experience for every client.

Photography contracts

Clear, well-written contracts are a must for every photography business. Your contract should outline the scope of work, payment terms, cancellation policies, and image usage rights. Keep the language straightforward so both you and your clients understand the agreement.

Presenting a contract not only protects your business but also builds trust and sets expectations from the start.

Step 9: Manage your finances

Track your income and expenses from day one. Use accounting software or spreadsheets to stay organized. Set aside money for taxes, and if possible, try to reinvest in your business as it grows.

If you’re unsure about bookkeeping or tax requirements, consult with a professional accountant to ensure compliance and peace of mind.

Step 10: Keep learning and growing

The photography industry is always evolving. Stay up to date with new techniques, equipment, and trends by attending workshops, taking online courses, and connecting with other professionals. Seek feedback from clients and peers to improve your craft and business practices.

Hiring employees

Hiring an assistant can make your photography business more efficient, especially as your workload grows. Assistants help with equipment setup, lighting, and administrative tasks, freeing you to focus on creativity and client interaction.

Look for reliable, organized candidates with a willingness to learn. Many assistants work freelance, so you can hire as needed for bigger projects or busy seasons. Clear communication and defined roles ensure a smooth, productive working relationship.

How much does it cost to start a photography business?

The cost to start a photography business varies widely, depending on your equipment choices, business model, and whether you rent a studio. For most people, initial expenses range anywhere from $2,000 to $20,000. This covers essentials like a camera, lenses, lighting, a computer, editing software, and basic marketing materials.

If you opt for high-end gear, a dedicated studio, or hire staff, your startup costs can easily reach $20,000 or more. On the other hand, you can keep costs lower by working from home, using entry-level equipment, and leveraging natural light, which may bring your initial investment closer to $2,000 to $7,000.

How to start a photography business with no experience

You can start a photography business even if you have no prior experience by focusing on smart planning and gradual skill-building. Begin by choosing a photography niche that interests you, such as portraits or events, and learn the basics of camera use, lighting, and composition through online resources or free tutorials.

Invest in affordable, reliable equipment and build your portfolio as you learn by photographing friends, family, or local events, offering free or discounted sessions to gain experience and showcase your work. As you improve, create a simple website or online gallery to display your best images.

Building skills for beginners

Before launching a photography business, you need to have the necessary skills, equipment, and portfolio in order to attract clients. If you're still in the beginning stages of your career, check out our guide on how to become a photographer!

FAQs about starting a photography company

Do I need a business license to start a photography business?

Yes, most states and municipalities require photographers to have a business license or permit to operate professionally. Check with your local or state government for specific requirements.

Can I run a photography business from home?

Yes, you can! Many photographers start with a simple home studio or choose to work on-location. Just make sure you comply with any local zoning or business regulations if you decide to run everything from home.

How do I get my first clients?

Get the ball rolling by offering your services to friends, family, or local businesses. Build a portfolio of solid photos and then promote your work online and through word of mouth.

What’s the best way to stand out from other photographers?

The best way to stand out from competitors is to develop a unique style, provide excellent customer service, and consistently deliver high-quality work. Building strong relationships with clients leads to referrals and repeat business.

How much can a photography business earn?

Income for photographers varies based on your chosen niche, where you’re located, and your level of experience. Beginners normally earn $20,000 to $40,000 annually, while seasoned professionals may reach $50,000 to $100,000 or more annually. Focusing on specialties like wedding, commercial, or fashion photography can help boost your earning potential.